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AEROPLANE SIMULATOR
Aeroplane Simulator is a full-size replica of a specific
type or make, model, and series aeroplane cockpit, including the assemblage
of equipment and computer programs necessary to represent the aeroplane in
ground and flight operations, a visual system providing an
out-of-the-cockpit view, and a force cuing systems which provides cues at
least equivalent to that of a three degrees-of-freedom motion system; and is
in compliance with the minimum standards for Level A simulator.
Simulators can provide more in-depth training than can be accomplished in
aeroplanes and provide a very high transfer of learning and behaviour from
the simulator to the aeroplane. The use of simulators, in lieu of aeroplanes,
results in safer flight training and cost reductions for the operators. It
also achieves fuel conservation and reduction in adverse environmental
effects.
The new designations and their relationships with the simulator definitions
used previously and in CARs/ANOs are:
Level A - Visual Category I
Level B - Phase I Category II
Level C - Phase II Category III
Level D - Phase III Category IV
ADVANCED TRAINING DEVICE
A ground based training device which provides a simulated
typical flight deck environment equipped with appropriate flight controls,
flight instruments, engine controls, instruments and radio/navigation aids.
It is not required to have a motion system or a visual system.
The designations are from Level 1 to Level 7 with Level 1 as reserved.
APPROVAL
The need for standard criteria was necessitated by the use
of simulators for training and checking. The qualification basis for a given
simulator may be any of the past criteria, depending on when the simulator
was first approved or last upgraded.
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The procedures and criteria for simulator evaluations
under the Simulator Evaluation Program are contained in this Document. A
Simulator, qualified by the CAA in accordance with the guidance and
standards, will be appropriate, for approval for use within an
operator's training program.
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A simulator will be evaluated if it is used in a
training program approved under CARs/ANOs or if it is used by an
operator in the course of conducting the pilot-in-command proficiency
check required by CARs/ANOs or the issuance of an airline transport
pilot certificate or type rating in accordance with the provisions of
CARs/ANOs
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The simulator shall be assessed in those areas, which
are essential to completing the airman training and checking process.
This includes the presentation of instrumentation and other aircraft
systems that faithfully reproduce the operator's aircraft; simulator's
longitudinal and lateral-directional responses; performance in takeoff,
climb, cruise, descent, approach, and landing; control checks; cockpit,
flight engineer, and instructor station functions checks; and certain
additional requirements depending upon the complexity or qualification
level of the simulator. The motion system and visual system will be
evaluated to ensure their proper operation.
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Approval shall stand valid for one year after which it
shall require a recurrent approval
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VALIDATION TESTS
These test are used to compare objectively simulator and aeroplane data to
assure that they agree within specified tolerances.
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Flight Test Data: It is the performance, stability, control, and other
necessary test parameters electrically or electronically recorded in an
aeroplane using a calibrated data acquisition system of sufficient
resolution and verified as accurate by the company performing the test to
establish a reference set of relevant parameters to which like simulator
parameters can be compared. (This data may either be provided by aircraft
manufacturer or by the simulator manufacturer)
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Simulator Test Data: The data achieved through series of simulator tests
similar to the flight tests. (Provided by the Simulator operator)
SIMULATOR FUNCTIONS TESTS
It provide a basis for evaluating simulator capability to perform over a
typical training period and to verify correct operation of the simulator
controls, instruments, and systems (Carried out by CAA)
TYPES OF QUALIFICATIONS FOR APPROVAL
Initial /Upgrade Qualification shall:
Be carried out with the standards of Validation tests (Flight Test Data and
Simulator Test Data). -
Be IAW ATD and compliance statement.
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Consist of complete functions tests provided in ATD.
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Not be scheduled during the inactive period.
Recurrent evaluation shall:
Recurrent evaluation shall: -
Be accomplished annually by CAA.
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Consist of functions tests and approximately one-half of the validation
tests in the MATG. The MATG is to be completed annually.
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Not be scheduled during the inactive period.
OPTIONAL TEST PROGRAM (OTP):
It is an alternative to the 8-hour recurrent evaluation procedure (if
Operators of simulators have the appropriate automatic recording and
plotting capabilities electrically and electronically may apply for
evaluation under the OTP) (with an understanding that 50 % check shall be
done by the operator between recurrent tests) (20% out of the operator
conducted tests and 10% of those tests not performed by the operator)
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EXTENDED INTERVAL RECURRENT EVALUATION:
This Evaluation is based on quarterly checks by the operator. The tests by
CAA would include latencies, control dynamics, sounds and vibrations, or
motion system tests)
APPROVAL OF A QUALIFIED SIMULATOR:
Operators, who contract to use simulators, qualified and approved at a
particular level for an aeroplane type are not subject to the qualification
process. However, they are required to obtain CAA approval to use the
simulator in their approved training programmers.
APPROVAL OF ALREADY QUALIFIED SIMULATOR AT NEW LOCATION:
In case the simulator is moved to new location with the same level of
qualification:
Approval of already qualified Simulator with new owner/operator:
Accomplish all required administrative procedures.
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Submit MATG with new name and logo.
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The CAA may schedule an evaluation IAW the original qualification criteria.
APPROVAL AFTER REMOVAL FROM QUALIFICATION STATUS:
The evaluation content and time required for accomplishment will be based on
the number of recurrent evaluations missed during the inactive period. The
simulator will normally be re-qualified using the CAA approved MATG and
criteria if inactive period does not exceed 1 year.
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SPECIAL EVALUATION:
The CAA may conduct a special evaluation between recurring evaluations of
the simulator, if deficiencies are discovered or it becomes apparent that
the simulator is not being maintained to initial qualification standards.
APPROVAL OF A CONVERTIBLE SIMULATOR:
It will be addressed as a separate simulator for each model and series to
which it will be converted and CAA qualification sought.
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